Odorlessness

Synonyms in a broader sense

Odorlessness, odor blindness

definition

Odorlessness (anosmia) means the complete absence or loss of the sense of smell. A deterioration in the sense of smell is called hyposmia.

causes

Odorlessness (Anosmia) can have different causes. On the one hand, the olfactory cells in the nose On the other hand, a blockage in the nose can also impair the flow of air to the cells. Furthermore are also organic brain disorders conceivable in sensory processing. Congenital odorlessness can have genetic causes (Kalmann syndrome). Come as injuries Fractures at the base of the skull (Skull base fracture) in question, since the olfactory cells emerge there. However, damage caused by viruses as part of a cold. A blockage of the air flow can through Mucosal growths (Polyps), Foreign bodies or swelling of the nasal mucosa Sinus infections (Sinusitis) or Allergies be conditional.
As part of a depression or one dementia there may also be no odor.

Symptoms

Patient with Odorlessness suffer, in addition to the loss of their sense of smell, also from a reduction in their sense of taste. Since only the basic flavors (sweet, sour, salty, bitter, hearty) are perceived by the tongue and more complex tastes are actually smell impressions, dishes taste much easier for anosmics than for healthy people. This can lead to a decreased willingness to eat something and to a Malnutrition come.

diagnosis

As part of a Olfactory test (Olfactometry) a number of odorous substances are presented to the odorless patient, which he should identify. This also includes substances that are not perceived by the olfactory cells, but rather generate sensory perception via the normal mucous membrane.