Sacrum

Synonyms

Sacrum (Latin), Sacrum (English)

introduction

The sacrum is characterized by its sphenoid shape. It is created by growing together (Synostosis) of the five sacral vertebrae. In humans, the merging does not end until the end of the growth phase. The sacrum is the last section of the spine and encloses the back of the spinal canal. Together with the hip bone, it forms the pelvic girdle.

anatomy

The Sacrum basically owns the same construction principle like the rest of the spine. Due to the fusion, certain anatomical structures are only characterized differently.

The Spinous processes form a comb (lat. Crista sacralis mediana), which runs on the back surface from top to bottom in the center line. The remaining articular processes form a ridge that runs slightly to the side of the midline, the Crista sacralis intermedia. There is one on both sides of a small extension on the upper part of the sacrum small articular surfacethat related to the last Lumbar vertebrae stands. The transverse processes form one side plate, in which the front part is Sacral wing (lat. Ala ossis sacri) has enlarged. On the sacral wings there is an ear-shaped surface (lat. Facies auricularis), the articulated with the surface of the same name of the iliac bone connected and that Sacrum and iliac joint forms. It will also Sacroiliac joint called.

The side plate forms a comb on its side edge, the Crista sacralis lateralis, the side of the Crista sacralis mediana runs downwards. At the back of the Sacrum are the Foramina sacralia dorsalia, the openings in which the dorsal (posterior) Spinal nerves step out. At the for pool lying side are the holes (lat. Foramina sacralia pelvina), from which the ventral (front) nerve branches emerge. The exiting spinal cord nerves form together with parts of the nerves of the lumbar vertebra area Nerve plexus, the Lumbosacral plexus. They take care of everything the pelvis and legs.

Appointment with a back specialist?

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Who am I?
My name is dr. Nicolas Gumpert. I am a specialist in orthopedics and the founder of .
Various television programs and print media report regularly about my work. On HR television you can see me every 6 weeks live on "Hallo Hessen".
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The spine is difficult to treat. On the one hand it is exposed to high mechanical loads, on the other hand it has great mobility.

The treatment of the spine (e.g. herniated disc, facet syndrome, foramen stenosis, etc.) therefore requires a lot of experience.
I focus on a wide variety of diseases of the spine.
The aim of any treatment is treatment without surgery.

Which therapy achieves the best results in the long term can only be determined after looking at all of the information (Examination, X-ray, ultrasound, MRI, etc.) be assessed.

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Vortex number

With some people it is uppermost cross vertebrae not fused with the other vertebrae. It appears with these persons that they six instead of five lumbar vertebrae to have. This phenomenon will too Lumbarization called. Often the Spine thereby a greater mobility, but also a lower load limit. Most of the time, people don't even realize they have six lumbar vertebrae; it is often only discovered by accident.

Possibility of movement

The movements in the Sacrum are possible is called Nutation, respectively Counter-nutation. It will Promontory, the protruding bone points between the 5th lumbar vertebra and the sacrum, shifted down and forward. At the same time, the tip of the sacrum moves backwards and upwards.

function

The Sacrum has the task of the human To give upper body supportotherwise he would simply collapse. Because the Sacral vertebrae fused together as well as with the pool are fused, the sacrum offers the necessary stability.

Lower back pain

On Lower back pain, also known as Lumbago or lumbago, almost everyone suffers at some point in their life. Mostly they are harmless and you have to do not worry about it.

Signs that indicate serious illnesses are: previous injuries like an accident or a fall, rapidly worsening low back pain, fever, Signs of paralysis, known osteoporosis, a well-known Tumor disease, known rheumatic diseases or one HIV infection. If you encounter the above, you should get one See a doctor.

The doctor will Thoroughly physically examineto prevent a dangerous course of low back pain. If necessary Pain Therapeutics, possibly postpone physiotherapy or a massage. Too long bed rest is counterproductive. It's best to take it as soon as possible normal daytime activitieslike going shopping, walking, etc. again. Until freedom of symptoms should only be on No sport or gymnastics become. Most often the lower back pain goes after about one to two weeks gone by itself. 90% can go back to work within six weeks.

Also read: Sacrum pain