Gynecology And Obstetrics-

Benign breast tumors

synonym

Fibroadenmon
Fibrosis
Adenosis
Epithelial hyperplasia
Mastopathy
Milky duct papilloma
Macromastia
cyst
Lipoma
Ductectasis
Phylloid's tumor

definition

Benign breast tumors (benign tumors of the breast) are changes in the breast that are not pathological.
In order to be able to rule out a malignancy, the nodes should always be examined microscopically. There are several types of benign breast tumors, which are described in more detail below.

Fibrocystic changes

Four types of fibrocystic changes can be distinguished microscopically:

Fibroadenmon
Fibrosis
Adenosis:
Epithelial hyperplasia

Fibroadenoma

The Fibroadenoma is the most common cause of benign breast changes before menopause (Menopause). It is a mixed tumor emanating from the lobe.
The maximum age is between 25 and 40 years. The use of oral contraceptives ("pill“) Over a longer period of time reduces the risk of a fibroadenoma.

Symptoms:
A fibroadenoma is a benign, movable lump that is not tender on pressure and has a rubbery consistency. There are no skin changes on the overlying skin. The knot remains smaller than 5cm in 60% of the cases.
therapy:
In order to rule out a malignancy of the node, the tumor removed and examined microscopically. If the suspected diagnosis of fibroadenoma is confirmed, no further therapy is necessary.

Read more on this topic at: Fibroadenoma

Fibrosis

In this form, the predominates connective tissue portion the chest.
This type of benign breast tumor has no disease value and has no impact on the risk for one malignant breast cancer.

Adenosis

An adenosis is usually one Tumor, which appears more clearly during the second half of the cycle. The reason for this is an increased hormone-dependent glandular lobule formation.
The tumor is usually tender on pressure and palpable as an inhomogeneous lump.
The adenosis harbors slightly increased risk to degenerate and should therefore be removed and examined histologically, i.e. fine-tissue under the microscope.

Epithelial hyperplasia

At a epithelial hyperplasia, another form of benign breast tumors, the gland cells grow excessively.
A microscopic distinction can be made between forms without abnormalities and those with atypia. Atypical hyperplasia increases the risk of breast cancer by 4 to 5 times and should therefore be treated.
Prophylactic women can be one Antiestrogen given that reduces the chance of developing a breast tumor by 80%.

Mastopathy

Mastopathy is a reactive remodeling reaction of the female breast and one too benign breast tumor.
It increases Connective tissue of the chest educated. Cell proliferation occurs in the milk ducts and the milk ducts expand.

Milky duct papilloma

At a Milky duct papilloma cell proliferation occurs in the milk duct.

Symptoms
The patients report bloody or serous discharge from the nipple (nipple), which then leads to further examination.
Such a finding is not palpable and there are no other abnormalities.

Diagnosis
A milk duct papilloma cannot be seen on ultrasound or mammography. Even a doctor cannot feel this finding. For this reason, if a milk duct papilloma is suspected, a Galactography be performed.
It is a radiological representation of the milk ducts with the help of a contrast agent. You can see breaks in the milk duct and recesses in the lumen of the duct.

therapy
For treatment, the milk duct must be below Representation with blue color solution removed and then examined histologically.

Macromastia

The Macromastia is a pronounced enlargement of the breast. One breast can do it over 400g become difficult.
Should this extremely large breast lead to mental or orthopedic problems, is one Breast reduction (Breast reduction plastic) indicated.

Cyst in the chest

A cyst within the breast often develops at the onset of menopause (perimenopausal = in the Menopause) and develops due to a build-up of secretion.

Symptoms
A bulging, non-painful lump can be felt by palpating the breast. Otherwise there are no symptoms.

Diagnosis
The best way to diagnose a breast cyst is through an ultrasound. An echo-free structure with a clearly delimited edge can be displayed.

therapy
To rule out malignancy, the cyst is punctured and the puncture examined cytologically. If the benignity (goodness) is confirmed, this therapy is sufficient. If malignancy is suspected, the cyst is completely removed surgically.
Another form of cyst is the so-called Oil cyst. This can be done after surgical interventions, Irradiation or other traumas arise. These are destroyed fat cells that can accumulate in the form of a cyst.
Overall, a cyst does not pose an increased risk for Breast cancer represent.

Lipoma in the breast

A lipoma is a encapsulated soft tumor from mature fat cells, surrounded by a connective tissue capsule.
A lipoma is usually palpable and usually does not cause pain or other clinical symptoms. Here, too, there is no increased risk of degeneration.
A lipoma is not just a tumor chest occurs, but everywhere where there are fat cells.

Please also read our page Lipoma in the breast.

Ductectasis

At a Ductectasis These are inflammatory processes that occur frequently and lead to the expansion of the milk ducts.
The occurrence of duct ectasia was observed above all from the age of 40.
Therapy of choice for one Ductectasis in this case is the removal of the affected tissue area.

Phylloids tumor

A Phylloids tumor is very rare and consists of connective and glandular tissue.
The connective tissue predominates. These changes are mostly benign, but there is also a malignant form.
The malignant form of the phylloid tumor is the cystosarcoma phylloides.
This is a rapidly growing fibroadenoma.
The stromal cells grow excessively fast here. This tumor often has branches in the area and can grow up to 30 cm.
For this reason, the Phylloides tumor should always be surgically removed with a large safety margin.
Often a complete removal of the affected breast (mastectomy) is necessary because the tumor is too large. If metastasis has occurred, the surgical removal is followed by radiation or systemic therapy.
If the tumor is not completely removed, there is a high rate of recurrence (recurrence of the Phylloids tumor).